Tun daga shekarun 1950, ISC - ta hanyar kungiyar da ta gabace ta, Majalisar Kimiyya ta Duniya (ICSU) - ta taka rawa ta farko wajen ciyar da duniya gaba, sararin samaniya, da kimiyyar muhalli don haɓaka fahimtar tsarin duniya da yanayin halittarsa da na ɗan adam, da kuma sararin samaniya. Shirye-shiryen kimiyya na hadin gwiwa wanda ISC da sauran kungiyoyin kasa da kasa ke daukar nauyinsu, ciki har da wadanda ke cikin tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, sun haifar da babban ci gaba a cikin binciken kimiyya da gudanar da al'amuran duniya. Babban misali shi ne rawar da ICSU ke takawa wajen inganta kokarin kimiyyar yanayi na duniya.
Har zuwa tsakiyar 1950s, haɗin gwiwar kimiyya na kasa da kasa kan yanayi ya iyakance. Shekarar Geophysical International (IGY) da ICSU ke jagoranta a cikin 1957-58 ta haɗu da masana kimiyya daga ƙasashe sama da 60 don lura da daidaituwa kuma sun ga ƙaddamar da Sputnik 1. Wannan ya haifar da ƙirƙirar kwamitin ICSU akan Binciken Sararin Samaniya (COSPAR) a 1958.
IGY ya jagoranci kai tsaye zuwa ga 1959 Yarjejeniyar Antarctic, inganta haɗin gwiwar kimiyyar lumana. Don inganta binciken Antarctic, ICSU ta kafa Kwamitin Kimiyya akan Binciken Antarctic (SCAR) a 1958. Around lokaci guda, ICSU kafa da Kwamitin Kimiyya akan Binciken Tekun Ruwa (SCOR) don magance kalubalen tekun duniya. Duk waɗannan kwamitocin suna aiki a yau.
Bayan nasarar IGY, babban taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya gayyaci ICSU don yin aiki tare da Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Duniya (WMO) kan binciken kimiyyar yanayi. Wannan ya haifar da taron yanayi na duniya na 1979, inda masana suka tabbatar da tasirin yanayi na dogon lokaci na hauhawar matakan CO₂. ICSU, WMO, da UNEP sannan suka kaddamar da Shirin Binciken Yanayi na Duniya kuma, a cikin 1985, sun shirya babban taro a Villach, Austria. Sakamakon binciken ya kafa harsashin tantance yanayin yanayi na lokaci-lokaci, wanda a ƙarshe ya haifar da ƙirƙirar yanayi Kungiyar gwamnatoci kan Canjin yanayi (IPCC) a 1988.
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