Takardar Matsayi don Babban Taron Siyasa na 2023

Takardar matsayi don Babban Taron Siyasa na 2023, wanda ISC ta shirya Fellows

Ceto da haɗa Tsarin Duniya: Amfani da Kimiyya da Fasaha yadda ya kamata

Adadin labarai:

• HADIN KAI BA TSIRA BA. We tilas da gaggawa dauko a m, tsarin tsarin don aiwatar da Ajandar 2030 da ta amince da dogaro da juna na SDGs da sauran tsare-tsaren manufofin duniya kuma ana samun goyan bayansu madaidaitan taswirorin hanyoyi, labarai da ayyuka. Ya kamata waɗannan su zana kan rarrabuwa na sauye-sauye na SDG guda shida da kuma bincika yuwuwar haɓaka maƙasudai da alamomi.

• WUCE RHETORIC. Mun tilas matsar da alƙawarin tsakiya na "Barin kowa a baya" fiye da zance tare da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da kasashe membobin suna mai da hankali sosai kan gina iyawa da iyawa a kowane matakai, fasa a kwangilar zamantakewa ga kowa da kowa da kuma sharing tabbatacce labari kusa da yanke shawara da ayyukan da ke aiki ga kowa.

• TUNANI A DUNIYA, YI A KANKI. Ƙungiyoyin siyasa, kimiyya da ƙungiyoyin jama'a na duniya tilas da karfi kara da kokarin su ƙarfafa haɗin gwiwar kimiyya-manufofin- zamantakewa, lissafin abubuwan da ke cikin gida da buƙatun, da kuma tabbatar da cewa yanke shawara a duk matakan - duniya, yanki, na ƙasa da na gida - yana da cikakken shaida-sanarwa. Kimiyya, fasaha da ƙirƙira ya kamata su kasance a cikin zuciyar haɗin kai, canji da aiki, kuma ISC a shirye take don yin aiki tare da dukan al'ummomi a matsayin muryar duniya don kimiyya.

GABATARWA

Agenda na 2030, tare da 17 Dorewa Goals Development Goals (SDGs), yana ba da hangen nesa na buri, daidaito da adalci nan gaba ga kowa, bunƙasa akan duniyar lafiya da juriya. Tare da wasu muhimman yarjejeniyoyin da suka shafi bangarori daban-daban, yana ba da kamfas don sake daidaita ci gaba a cikin sabuwar alkibla don amfanin kowa da kowa da duniya. Tagar dama a cikin lokacin 2030 yana rufewa da sauri kuma yana buƙatar ɗaukar matakan gaggawa da sadaukarwa ta gaske ta kowane fanni.

AJANDAR 2030 BA A HANYA

Yayin da aka sami ci gaba daban-daban a cikin wasu SDGs tun 2015, haka ne babu shakka cewa duk SDGs sun ragu da firgici na baya-bayan nan - annoba, yaƙe-yaƙe, sauyin yanayi, faɗuwar tattalin arziki - sun jefa duniya gabaɗaya. Gaggawar Ajandar 2030 tana fuskantar haɗarin ɓacewa a lokacin rikice-rikice da yawa lokacin da haɗin gwiwar kasa da kasa da hadin kai na siyasa ke da mahimmanci wajen tinkarar ƙalubalen da ke tattare da juna da kuma gina ƙasa mai juriya, adalci da dorewa ga kowa da kowa: dole ne mu yi amfani da “ikon na siyasa. hadin kai da hadin kai don shawo kan babbar jarabawar zamaninmu” (Guterres, 2021).

Maido da lafiyar ɗan adam da na duniya shine mafi mahimmanci don cimma SDGs da gina ginshiƙan samun sauyi na gaskiya; wanda ke gane mutane a matsayin wani ɓangare na yanayi da kuma aiki mai aminci da juriya na tsarin Duniya a matsayin wani sharadi na jin daɗin ɗan adam. Tuni, akwai haɗari na gaske kuma na yanzu na abubuwan da ba za a iya jurewa ba na yanayi da abubuwan da ba za a iya jurewa ba, kamar lalata yanayin muhalli, sauyin yanayi mara kyau, ƙara talauci da rashin daidaituwa tare da rikice-rikice na baya-bayan nan.

HADIN KAI BA TSIRA BA: HANYA MAI SAUKI

An yi la'akari da SDGs a matsayin hadaddiyar manufa kuma cikakke, amma an gudanar da aiwatar da su ta hanyar sassa daban-daban da na hukumomi, saboda rarrabuwar kawuna na shugabanci, tsari, kudade da sa ido. Yana da mahimmanci a haɗa ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce a kowane mataki tare da haɓaka fahimtar ƙalubale iri-iri da muke fuskanta. Wannan zai buɗe fa'idodi da yawa waɗanda aka raba, haɓaka juriya ga haɗari da sauƙaƙe haɗin gwiwa: yana buƙatar haɗin kai, ƙoƙari na gamayya, daga sake tunani game da yanayin kuɗi zuwa haɗaɗɗun tsarin sa ido da kimantawa.

Bugu da ari, SDGs wani muhimmin bangare ne na sauran tsare-tsare na duniya masu alaƙa tare da mahimman haɗin kai da fa'idodi da yawa, gami da Yarjejeniyar Paris kan Canjin Yanayi, Tsarin Tsarin Halittu na Duniya bayan 2020, Tsarin Sendai don Rage Hadarin Bala'i, Ajenda Aiki na Addis Ababa, da Sabon Birni. Ajanda. Haɗe-haɗe da dogaro da juna, suna buƙatar haɗin kai tare da dorewar saka hannun jari mai dorewa - ƙarƙashin jagorancin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ƙasashe membobi - akan dogon lokaci (zuwa 2050), don haɓaka haɗin gwiwa da rage cin kasuwa. Idan ba tare da wannan ba, duk suna cikin haɗarin gazawa.

Akwai buƙatar haɓaka cikin gaggawa daidaitattun taswirar hanya don cimma burin gamayya na waɗannan tsare-tsaren manufofin duniya; don haɓaka ayyuka masu tasiri a kowane matakai; kuma don yin gwaji tare da sabbin abubuwan da suka shafi - alal misali - bullar sabbin fasahohi ko bullowar sabbin halaye, salon rayuwa, ƙa'idodi da ƙima.

Ya kamata a tsara taswirar hanya a kusa da:

• da canje-canjen SDG guda shida wanda aka bayyana a cikin ƙididdigar kimiya da yawa misali Duniya a cikin 2050 (2018, 2019, 2020) da Rahoton Ci Gaban Dorewa ta Duniya (GSDR, 2019): (1) Ƙarfin ɗan adam, jin daɗin rayuwa da lafiya; (2) Cin abinci da samarwa zuwa ga dorewar tattalin arziki da adalci; (3) Decarbonization da samun damar makamashi na duniya; (4) Abinci da abinci mai gina jiki, biosphere da ruwa; (5) Birane da kewayen birane da motsi; (6) Muhalli na duniya da na ɗan adam da suka haɗa da juyin juya halin dijital;
• amfani da hadedde maimakon rarrabuwar kawuna da alamomi don sa ido kan batutuwan alaƙa da gano mahimman hanyoyin dogaro da juna har zuwa 2030;
• tallafi da kuma fadada ƙasashe, yankuna da al'ummomi waɗanda ke ba da ɗimbin fakiti na hanyoyi daban-daban zuwa manufa guda kuma sun haɗa da labaran nasara masu jan hankalin mutane waɗanda ke daidaita manufofin duniya tare da aiwatar da gida da yanki da misalan shawo kan shingen canji. Irin waɗannan "aibobi masu haske" na iya ƙarfafawa da ƙarfafa matasa masu tasowa da kuma hanzarta canji;
• a shari'ar tattalin arziki mai tursasawa don dalilin da yasa sadaukarwar siyasa na dogon lokaci don gina juriya da tattalin arziƙin kore a yanzu (ta hanyar sarrafa haɗari da rashin tabbas, rigakafi da farfadowa, ragewa da daidaitawa) yana da mahimmanci (ISC, 2023).

Canje-canjen tsarin canji da rushewa yana buƙatar ingantaccen shugabanci, basirar kimiyya, shirye-shiryen kasuwanci, hanyoyin fasaha da haɓaka zamantakewar al'umma, tsarin da'a da dorewa na kudi, tsarin kasuwanci da zuba jari, da ƙarfafawa don yin ritaya na tsofaffin hanyoyi da sauƙaƙe ɗaukar sababbin. Muna buƙatar haɗin kai don magance tsare-tsaren tsari don canzawa, wanda ya haɗa da rashin daidaito na dindindin, gajeren lokaci na siyasa da tsarin jari-hujja na duniya wanda ba shi da tsari kuma yana neman riba kawai. Muna buƙatar magance ɓarna da ɓarna na waje, kamar rashin kula da mummunan tasirin muhalli da zamantakewa daga samarwa zuwa amfani, don tantance ci gaba mai ma'ana.

Canjin canji da buƙatun ƙirƙira m mulki da kuma “tutin zamantakewa” don tabbatar da an daidaita su cikin alhaki da dimokiradiyya; saurin yaɗuwar sabbin abubuwa na dijital kamar hankali na wucin gadi na iya kawo fa'idodi da yawa da haɗari masu yawa. Amsa ga COVID-19 tare da haɓakar alluran rigakafi a cikin lokaci mai ban sha'awa babban kwatanci ne na yadda za a iya samun haɓaka mai ƙarfi yayin da duniya ke fuskantar ɓarna iri ɗaya da ɓarna, da kuma yadda samun kuɗi da siyasa na ilimi ke sa kowa ya zama mai rauni idan samun damar yin sabbin abubuwa masu fa'ida. ba kowa ba ne.

BAYAN MAGANA: GINI DA ARFAFA ARFAFA DA KARFIN INDA AKE BUKATA.

Ana buƙatar hanyoyi da yawa na canji a cikin jama'a da masu zaman kansu, birane da kasuwanci, da masu ruwa da tsaki daban-daban - ƙungiyoyin ƴan ƙasa, ƴan asalin ƙasar, kimiyya, injiniyanci, likitanci da sauran al'ummomi. Hanyoyi zuwa dorewa na iya zuwa daga wurare daban-daban da kuma wasu lokuta ba zato ba tsammani, suna buƙatar fifiko na gaggawa gina iyawa da iyawa a kowane matakai. Ƙarfin ƙasa da iya aiki iri-iri ne kuma suna da ƙasa da ƙasa a cikin ƙasashen da ake buƙata. Samar da ilimi da samar da ilimi na bukatar a ba da daraja a dukkan kasashe ta hanyar inganta ilimin kimiyya da ilimi, musamman a kasashen da ba na duniya ba. Don cimma wannan, duk ilimin kimiyya (na halitta, zamantakewa, likitanci, injiniyanci da sauransu) suna buƙatar haɓakawa kuma su zama mafi alhakin, ɗa'a da haɗa kai tare da ƙarfafa ilimin kimiyya, sadarwa da karatu.

Ana buƙatar nau'ikan ilimi da yawa don haɓaka maƙasudin tushen shaida na mataki-mataki a duk sassan, tare da fahimtar aiki don gwadawa, amfani da ma'auni na mafita a matakai daban-daban. Dole ne mu tashi - kuma mu fito fili mu koya daga - abubuwan da aka ambata kasashe, yankuna da al'ummomi. Muna buƙatar tantancewa da sadarwa cikin tsari cikin tsari fa'idodi da yawa ga mutane da duniya na aiwatar da sauye-sauyen SDG guda shida ta hanyar da ta haɗa da. Ingantattun labarai suna da mahimmanci a cikin manufofi da ayyuka don haɓaka haɗin gwiwa da haɓaka aiki: ba da labari yana da mahimmanci ga haɓaka tsarin jagoranci wanda ke haɗa buƙatun gida tare da ayyukan duniya, raba koyo daga zakarun waɗanda suka ba da tasiri mai tasiri da kuma ƙarfafa duk su kasance masu himma.

Kowa, a ko'ina yana da hukuma, kuma dole ne ya zama wani ɓangare na a sabuwar kwangilar zamantakewa - Yarjejeniyar ɗabi'a da ɗabi'a ta zahiri tsakanin dukkan membobin al'umma don Ajandar 2030 da sauran yarjejeniyoyin duniya da tsare-tsare masu alaƙa. Kowa na da ruwa da tsaki kuma zai iya taka rawarsa, tun daga gwamnatoci da kasuwanci har zuwa kungiyoyin farar hula da na kananan hukumomi.

TUNANI A DUNIYA, YI A KARANCIN: ARFAFA KIMIYYA-SIYASAR- AL'UMMA.

Ƙaddara, hanzari, ƙayyadaddun lokaci da fayyace dabaru da taswirar hanya a kowane ma'auni dole ne su zana mafi kyawun ilimin da ake da su. A mai karfi kimiyya-siyasa-al'umma mu'amala yana buƙatar aiki

da kuma ilimin tushen shaida don yanke shawara, wanda aka haɗa ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar sauye-sauye, tsarin tsarin da aka haɗa da kuma sababbin hanyoyi na tsara haɗin gwiwar ilimi tare da masu ruwa da tsaki da yawa don cimma sakamakon da aka raba a duniya.

Ba da damar bincike mai dogaro da manufa don dorewa a duk fannonin kimiyya da injiniyanci dole ne ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da gwamnatoci da masu ba da kuɗaɗen kimiyya ke bayarwa wajen aiwatar da SDGs. Haɓaka aiwatar da SDG yana buƙatar tunani mai hangen nesa da ayyuka masu ɓarna daga masu ba da kuɗi a duk duniya, fita daga hanyoyin kasuwanci kamar yadda aka saba don ba da tallafin kimiyya da ƙirƙirar shirye-shiryen cibiyoyi masu tallafi don haɓaka ingantaccen kimiyyar dorewa mai tasiri. Don ƙaddamar da shi a 2023 HLPF, ISC ta kafa wani Hukumar Duniya akan Ayyukan Kimiyya don Dorewa wanda ke wakiltar tsarin samar da kudade don aiwatar da ayyukan kimiyya don tallafawa aiwatar da SDG. Daidaita son sani da kimiyyar manufa yana da mahimmanci: alal misali, fasahar mRNA don allurar COVID-19 ta samo asali daga shekaru arba'in na kimiyyar sha'awar samun kuɗi don hanyoyin warkewa.

Shugabar taro na 77 na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Csaba Kőrösi, ta takaita kalubalen da ke gabanta a matsayin mai da hankali kan "Mafita ta hanyar hadin kai, dorewa da kimiyya." Kimiyya, ilimi da ilimin tushen shaida daga tushe da yawa dole ne su kasance tsakiya zuwa sabon, hadadden ajanda. An kaddamar da kwanan nan, "Rukunin Abokai akan Kimiyya don Aiki" zai taimaka wajen samar da ilimin da ake bukata don tallafawa kasashe mambobin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a cikin yanke shawara da kuma karfafa shaida-sanarwar manufofi a cikin tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.

Dole ne mu goyi baya kimiyyar canji, injiniyanci, likitanci da sauran nau'ikan ilimi don zama ainihin haɗin kai da haɗakarwa - masu ba da gudummawa da masu amfani da kimiyya tun daga farko a cikin ma'anar matsala da kuma tsara hanyoyin warwarewa - kuma da gaske mai canzawa - ta amfani da ilimin halitta, siyasa da zamantakewa don fahimtar levers don canji. A cikin haɓaka ilimi zuwa aiki, ƙarfafa haɗin gwiwar kimiyya-manufofin jama'a da tallafawa bincike mai dogaro da manufa, za mu iya gina yanayin canji.

Duk da manyan kalubale, dole ne mu yi iya ƙoƙarinmu don gina gine-ginen gwamnati wanda zai kai mu zuwa ga manufa guda da fa'ida tare, yana haifar da canji mai kyau da tasiri, kuma ya ba mu damar dacewa da duniyarmu mai saurin canzawa. Dole ne mu zauna fatan, gina amincewa da kyakkyawar hangen nesa don makomarmu ta gaba.

References:

1. Kiran farkawa na duniya | Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya

2. Inda "mai canzawa" yana nufin canzawa ko karya cikin abubuwan da ake da su - tura iyakoki - don kawo ci gaba mai mahimmanci da ingantaccen canji.

3. Griggs, D., M. Nilsson, A. Stevance da D. McCollum (eds) (2017). Jagora ga hulɗar SDG: daga kimiyya zuwa aiwatarwa. Majalisar Kimiyya ta Duniya (ICSU), Paris.

4. Duniya a 2050 | IIASA

5. Rukunin masana kimiyya masu zaman kansu wanda Sakatare-Janar ya nada. Ci gaba mai dorewa na duniya Rahoton 2019: Makomar Yanzu Yanzu - Kimiyya don Samun Ci Gaba Mai Dorewa, (Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, New York, 2019)

6. Majalisar Kimiyya ta Duniya.2023. Rahoto don Bita na Tsakiyar Zamani na Tsarin Sendai don Rage Hadarin Bala'i. Paris, Faransa. Majalisar Kimiyya ta Duniya. DOI: 10.24948/2023.01.

7. https://council.science/actionplan/funding-science-global-commission/

8. Halittar a Ƙungiyar Abokai akan Kimiyya don Aiki a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya - Majalisar Kimiyya ta Duniya

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