Rajista

Kwamitin Kimiyya akan Binciken Antarctic (SCAR)

hangen nesa na Kwamitin Kimiyya akan Binciken Antarctic (SCAR) shine kafa ta hanyar binciken kimiyya da haɗin gwiwar kasa da kasa fahimtar yanayin Antarctica, rawar Antarctica a cikin Tsarin Duniya, da tasirin canjin duniya akan Antarctica.

Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Kimiyya ta Duniya (ICSU), mu kungiyar magabata, ya gudanar da taron Antarctica a Stockholm a tsakanin 9-11 ga Satumba 1957, inda aka yanke shawarar cewa akwai bukatar ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan kimiyya na kasa da kasa a Antarctica, kuma ya kamata a kafa kwamiti don wannan dalili. Ofishin kungiyar da ta gabace ta ISC ICSU ta gayyaci kasashe goma sha biyu da suka himmatu wajen gudanar da bincike a Antarctic don zabar wakilai kowannensu zuwa Kwamitin Musamman kan Binciken Antarctic (SCAR). An gudanar da taron farko na SCAR a Hague daga 3-6 ga Fabrairu 1958 kuma dukkanin ƙasashe da al'ummomin da suka halarci taron sun wakilci New Zealand da Afirka ta Kudu. Daga baya SCAR an sake masa suna Kwamitin Kimiyya akan Binciken Antarctic.

Yankin sha'awar SCAR ya haɗa da Antarctica, tsibiran da ke gefen teku, da kewayen Tekun Kudancin da suka haɗa da Antarctic Circumpolar Current, iyakar arewa wacce ita ce Gaban Subantarctic. Tsibirin Subantarctic waɗanda ke arewacin Subantarctic Front kuma duk da haka sun faɗi cikin yankin SCAR na sha'awar sun haɗa da: Ile Amsterdam, Ile St Paul, Tsibirin Macquarie da Gough Island. Manufar SCAR ta musamman ita ce ta zama jagorar kungiya mai zaman kanta don sauƙaƙewa da daidaita binciken Antarctic, da kuma gano al'amuran da ke fitowa daga fahimtar ilimin kimiyya na yankin da ya kamata a kawo hankalin masu tsara manufofi.

Ana tuhumar SCAR da ƙaddamarwa, haɓakawa da daidaita ingantaccen bincike na kimiyya na ƙasa da ƙasa a yankin Antarctic (ciki har da Tekun Kudu), da kuma rawar da yankin Antarctic ke takawa a cikin tsarin Duniya. Kasuwancin kimiyya na SCAR ana gudanar da shi ta Ƙungiyoyin Kimiyya waɗanda ke wakiltar sassan kimiyya masu aiki a cikin bincike na Antarctic da rahoto ga SCAR. Baya ga aiwatar da aikinta na farko na kimiyya, SCAR yana ba da shawara mai mahimmanci da nasiha mai zaman kanta ga Tarorin Tuntuɓar Yarjejeniyar Antarctic (ATCMs) da sauran ƙungiyoyi irin su UNFCCC da IPCC kan batutuwan kimiyya da kiyayewa da suka shafi gudanar da Antarctica da Kudancin Kudancin. Tekun da kan rawar yankin Antarctic a cikin tsarin duniya. SCAR ta ba da shawarwari masu yawa akan al'amura daban-daban, waɗanda yawancinsu an haɗa su cikin kayan aikin Antarctic Treaty. Babban daga cikin waɗannan shine shawarwarin da aka bayar don yawancin yarjejeniyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa waɗanda ke ba da kariya ga muhalli da muhallin Antarctic.


ISC da SCAR

SCAR wani kwamiti ne mai jigo na ISC don haka yana goyan baya da bin ƙa'idodin ƙungiyar iyayensa, gami da 'yanci da alhakin masana kimiyya. Lallai, Majalisar Kimiyya ta Duniya tana haɓaka ra'ayin cewa kimiyya wani aiki ne na ɗan adam na gama gari wanda ya ketare iyakokin ƙasa kuma kowa ya kamata a raba shi. Sakamakon ci gaban kimiyya daga musayar ra'ayoyi, bayanai, kayan aiki da fahimtar aikin wasu.

ISC tana ba da gudummawa ga haɓakawa kuma ta amince da dabaru da tsare-tsaren ayyuka, da kuma kasafin kuɗi masu alaƙa. ISC kuma ita ce ke kula da nazarin SCAR, ayyana sharuddan bita, nada membobin kwamitin bita, kudade da jami'an kimiyya.


ISC abokin hulɗa


SCAR a Batu na Musamman na Polar tare da Mujallar ECO


Hotuna ta NASA/GSFC/METI/ERSDAC/JAROS, da US/Japan ASTER Science Team