Faransa, Academie des Sciences

Louis XIV ne ya fara kafa Académie des sciences a shekara ta 1666 a matsayin Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Sarauta. Wannan wata hukuma ce da aka hayar da ita wacce ke wakiltar manyan masana kimiyya wacce ta bunkasa har lokacin da juyin juya halin Musulunci ya kasance. Dakatar da duk makarantun sarauta a cikin 1793 ya kawo ƙarshen wannan lokacin. Sake tsara rayuwar ilimi da kimiyya ta sake farawa a cikin 1795 tare da kafa wata cibiya guda: "Institut de France". Wannan ya haɗa da sauran "azuzuwan" na tsoffin Kwalejin Kimiyya na Sarauta, Humanities, da Arts, waɗanda aka tarwatsa a baya. A cikin tsarin Institut de France, azuzuwan kimiyya da wasu fannoni uku sun sake samun matsayinsu na farko a matsayin Ilimi a 1816. A halin yanzu, Napoleon I - wanda aka zaba a 1797 a matsayin Napoleon Bonaparte, babban jami'in bindigu, zuwa sashin fasahar injiniya na Cibiyar - ya kafa wurin da Cibiyar, gami da 1832 da Faransa ta hudu a Faransa. Palais de l'Institut, tsohuwar kwalejin sarauta, a 1805.

Kwalejin ita ce ƙungiyar da aka kafa don ci gaban kimiyya da aikace-aikacensa. Yana bugawa akai-akai (a cikin Faransanci da Ingilishi) jerin bakwai na mujallar multidisciplinary les comptes-rendus de l'Académie des sciences wanda ke rufe manyan sabbin sakamako a cikin Lissafi, Duniya da Kimiyyar Duniya, Makanikai, Physics, Astronomy, Chemistry da Kimiyyar Rayuwa.

Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Faransa tana ƙarfafawa, tallafawa da kuma kare ruhin binciken kimiyya. Yana ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban kimiyya da aikace-aikacensa, don yada ilimin kimiyya a Faransa da ƙasashen waje, kuma yana jagorantar tunani game da halin yanzu da na gaba na siyasa, ɗabi'a da al'amuran zamantakewa.

A kai a kai tana buga jerin bakwai na mujallar multidisciplinary Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences a cikin Faransanci da Ingilishi. Mujallar ta ƙunshi sabbin sakamako masu mahimmanci a cikin ilimin lissafi, duniya da kimiyyar taurari, kanikanci, kimiyyar lissafi, falaki, sunadarai da kimiyyar rayuwa. Kwanan nan, an gabatar da wani sabon silsila mai suna Vie des Sciences don haɓaka tattaunawa tsakanin fannonin kimiyya daban-daban da masu aiki.

Kwalejin ta ƙunshi cikakkun mambobi 305, mambobi 57 masu dacewa, da membobin ƙasashen waje 112. Gwamnatin ta ta hada da shugaban kasa, zababben shugaban kasa da tsohon shugaban kasa, sakatarorin dindindin guda biyu da mataimakan shugaban kasa 3, tare da tawagogin huldar kasa da kasa, ilimi da sadarwa. Kwalejin tana jin daɗin haɗin gwiwa tare da sauran Cibiyoyin Ilimi na "Institut de France", da kuma Cibiyar Nazarin Fasaha ta Faransa (NATF), Cibiyar Nazarin Magunguna ta ƙasa, da Kwalejin Aikin Noma.

Hoto daga Cassanas