Wannan labarin yana cikin jerin abubuwan "Mata masana kimiyya a duniya: dabarun daidaita jinsi” binciko direbobi da shingen wakilcin jinsi a cikin kungiyoyin kimiyya. Yana zana a kan ƙwararrun binciken matukin jirgi wanda Majalisar Kimiyya ta Duniya (ISC) ta gudanar tare da Kwamitin Tsayayyen Matsakaicin Jinsi a Kimiyya.SCGES), dangane da hirarraki da masana kimiyya mata daga sassa daban-daban da yankuna. Ana buga jerin abubuwan lokaci guda akan gidajen yanar gizon ISC da SCGES.
Dokta Moraes ya sami sha'awar kimiyya ta hanyar mahaifinta - ɗan asalin Amazon - wanda ya wayar da kan ta ga kyawawan yanayi da gandun daji na wurare masu zafi tun lokacin yarinta. Ta tuna ta je hutu a cikin dazuzzukan dazuzzukan dutse, inda mahaifinta zai yi bayani game da zagayowar yanayi, yadda ake noman ciyayi, da yadda ake girbin ’ya’yan itace. Waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru na ƙuruciya sun yi tasiri mai ɗorewa a kan Mónica, kuma ta yi imanin cewa ta dabi'a tana son ilimin halitta da yanayin Amazon a sakamakon haka.
Tun da farko, Dokta Moraes ta dogara da damar kasa da kasa don ci gaba da difloma da aikinta. Bayan rikice-rikicen siyasa da na soji a kasar, an rufe dukkan jami'o'in Bolivia, lamarin da ya sa Monica ta ci gaba da karatun ilmin halitta a Spain na tsawon shekaru biyu. An yi sa'a, kiredit ɗin da aka samu a lokacin wannan hutun daga baya tsarin ilimi na Bolivia ya inganta, kuma ta sami damar ci gaba da karatu a ƙasarta ta haihuwa.
Yayin da take karatu, ƙungiyar masu binciken Danish sun kasance a Ecuador fiye da shekaru 20, suna nazarin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi. Daya daga cikinsu, Dokta Henrik Balslev, ya zama mashawarcin Monica kuma ya gayyace ta don shiga cikin binciken da suka yi a lokacin da ya sami tallafi daga kungiyar kare dabi'a ta kasa da kasa don tantance yanayin kiyaye dabino na Bolivia ta hanyar wani ɗan gajeren balaguron balaguro. a yankin Yungas.
Bayan wannan binciken na farko, ta sami kiran waya daga Dr. Balslev yana cewa, “Na sami gurbin karatu a gare ku. Za ku iya tafiya Denmark a cikin makonni biyu masu zuwa?" Ta yi karatun digirinta na biyu (1989) da PhD (1996) a Jami'ar Aarhus da ke Denmark.
Mónica da sauran abokan aikinta na Latin Amurka sun yi mafarki a matsayin masu bincike ya zama gaskiya ba da jimawa ba a cikin 2005. An ba wa wannan rukunin bincike na abokan hulɗar ƙasashen Kudancin Amurka da na Turai ɗimbin tallafi na Euro miliyan 1.5 cikin shekaru biyar daga Tarayyar Turai don gudanar da ayyukan fage a duk faɗin Latin Amurka. gandun daji. Matasa masu bincike da yawa kuma sun gudanar da aiki don karatun digiri, MSc da digiri na uku.
A yayin hirarmu, Mónica ta ruwaito cewa ba ta fuskanci wata matsala ba a lokacin karatunta ko kuma aikinta na jami'a da ya shafi jinsi. Amma abubuwa sun zama ƙalubale ta wannan fannin lokacin da ta fara shiga Kwalejin Kimiyya. A cikin 2000, Dr, Armando Cardozo ne ya zabi sunanta don shiga cikin sabbin abokan aiki, amma shekaru suka shude, kuma mai gabatar da kara ya mutu cikin rashin alheri kafin a shigar da ita a 2008. "Wannan wani lokaci ne mai ban tausayi a gare ni, kamar yadda ya kasance a shirye kuma yana fatan ganin na shiga."
A gabanta, mace ɗaya ce kawai aka taɓa zaɓa a matsayin cikakkiyar memba a Kwalejin Bolivia, kuma bayan an yarda da ita bayan dogon jira, Monica da farko ta kasance mai ƙarancin ƙima. “Mafi yawan makarantun kimiyya sun yi kama da tsarin babakere-komai yana aiki da maza; maza suna ko'ina. Wannan al'ada da tarihi na da tasiri a cibiyar." Mónica ta yi magana game da "al'adar shiru" da ke fuskantar mata da aka yarda su shiga irin waɗannan manyan cibiyoyi. “Ba sa son yin taguwar ruwa; a daya bangaren kuma ga dukkan alamu maza ba su da masaniya kan wannan lamari. A gare su, babu matsala."
Dr. Moraes a hankali ya fara fitowa daga harsashinta. Ta bayyana kanta a matsayin mai juriya da azama kuma tana shirin canza abubuwa, a hankali ta keta wannan al'adar shiru. Shekaru biyar bayan shiga makarantar, ta ba da shawarar kafa wata kyauta da aka sadaukar ga mata masana kimiyya, wanda aka amince da shi. "Bayan haka, duk abin da na yi shi ne haɓaka abubuwa, neman ƙarin, da ɗaukar ƙarin nauyi." Ta ji an haɗa ta a matakin hukuma. Shugaban Kwalejin ne ya nada ta don shiga shirin Mata don Kimiyya na Cibiyar Ilimin Kimiyya ta InterAmerican (InterAmerican Network of Academies of Sciences)IANAS), wanda ta zama babban batu. Tattaunawa da wasu mata masana kimiyya daga sauran makarantun ilimi a duk faɗin nahiyar Amurka yana da mahimmanci. "Na koyi abubuwa da yawa kuma na gamsu da yadda yawancin batutuwan jinsi da aka inganta da kuma warware su a tarihin sauran makarantun. Bisa misalan su, na ba da shawarar cewa makarantar Bolivia ta kafa nata hukumar kula da jinsi.”
Jin daga wasu mata da ke aiki don haɓaka wakilci da daidaito a cibiyoyinsu ya ƙarfafa Monica yin hakan. “Na jajirce sosai. Idan muna gina sabuwar ƙungiya, sabuwar hukumar, koyaushe ina gabatar da wasu mata. Me yasa ba a haɗa Celeste ba? Me zai hana Ana wannan rawar?' Ina so in sa mata su shiga cikin dukkanin kwamitocin da kuma duk ayyukan makarantar."
An zabi Dokta Moraes Shugaban Kwalejin a 2021, kuma da wannan, ta magance babban aikinta tukuna- sake fasalin dokokin makarantar. Ta yi niyyar inganta tsarin nadin takara da kuma zamanantar da hanyoyin kamar sauran makarantun kimiyya, musamman matsar da zabar sabbin membobi daga babban zaben zuwa tantancewa ta kwamitin karba-karba. Mónica ta ce: “An yi ƙoƙari sosai, taro da yawa fiye da shekara guda don duba takardu.”
A lokacin, don zaɓar sabbin mambobi, kwamitin zai ba da jerin sunayen waɗanda aka zaɓa bisa ga ka'idojin tantancewa. “Wannan ya yi kyau,” in ji Mónica, “amma da zarar an yi jerin sunayen, sai a zaɓi sababbin mambobin a bainar jama’a yayin taron jama’a. Yana da wuya a sami kyakkyawan ra'ayin ko wane ɗan takara ne kuma a raba cikakkiyar gudunmawar su. Mun kasance muna karanta taƙaitaccen taƙaitaccen bayani kafin kada kuri’ar.”
Daga nan sai ta yanke shawarar kawar da zaben cike gurbi sannan kuma kwamitin shigar da kara ya dogara kawai da nasu manufar tantance kowane dan takara. 'Yan takara yanzu suna da kyakkyawan ra'ayi game da tsarin da kuma jerin ma'auni na haƙiƙa waɗanda dole ne su cika don tantance su. Ba lallai ne su ƙara yin biyayya ga ƙuri'ar wasu membobin ba. “Ba sai ka san mutane ba; ba sai an baka shawarar ba. Yanzu ya dogara ne akan ka'idojin aiki, kamar wallafe-wallafe da mukamai."
Mónica tana jin wannan tsari ya ƙarfafa ƙarin masana kimiyya don nema. "A cikin shekara guda, a cikin 2022, mun ƙara sababbin mambobi 6, wanda shine rikodin!" Dokta Moraes ya kiyasta cewa wakilcin mata a cikin makarantar ya karu da kashi 30%. Ta kuma lura cewa matasa masana kimiyya sun shiga, tare da ƙarami da aka zaba a shekaru 48.
Amma duk da wannan ci gaban, har yanzu tana ganin rashin amincewa da takwarorinta mata. "Na yi ƙoƙarin shawo kan sababbin masana kimiyya mata shida don neman shiga makarantar, amma ɗaya ce ta amsa." Mónica ta yi imanin ɗaya daga cikin dalilan shi ne wasu suna ganin ba su da isassun littattafai tukuna. “Wataƙila zan iya nuna musu fayil ɗin admission na abokin aikina wanda ya sami maki 100% kuma aka zaɓa; kila sai su yi tunanin su ma za su iya yi.”
A hankali abubuwa suna canzawa a cikin makarantar kimiyya ta Bolivia, duk godiya ga juriya da jajircewa na wasu mata da haɗin gwiwar yanki tare da mata suna bin manufa ɗaya. Goyon bayan zaman taron da kuma goyon bayan yarjejeniya daga dukkan membobin Kwalejin sun kasance mabuɗin gudanar da ita.
A lokacin hirar, wa’adin Mónica ya kusa ƙarewa, amma har yanzu tana da kyakkyawan ra’ayin abin da ya kamata a yi. “Ina ganin muna bukatar kwakkwaran hukumar kula da jinsi a makarantar, tare da isassun kayan aiki don shirya tarurrukan da mata masana kimiyya a fadin kasar—watakila kusan. Ina so in ga fili ga ɗalibai, wasu nasiha don jagorantar su ta hanyar yuwuwar ƙalubale."
Ta ji cewa rashin tsayawa takarar shugaban kasa na iya ba da wani lokaci don samar da ci gaba a hukumar tare da aiwatar da wasu shawarwarin jinsi a aikinta a jami'a. “Watakila ba zan kafa hukumar kula da jinsi a jami’a ba, amma ina ganin a gare ni, wannan shawara ta zama kullum. Zan iya yin hulɗa da ɗalibanmu, samar da sarari, da ba da shawara kan yadda za a magance matsalolin daidaiton jinsi."
Dokta Mónica Moraes ƙwararriyar ilimin halitta ce ta ƙware a bishiyar dabino, farfesa ce ta cikakken lokaci, kuma mai bincike a Herbario Nacional da Instituto de Ecología na Jami'ar San Andres a Bolivia. Daga 2021 har zuwa tsakiyar 2024, ita ce mace ta farko Shugabar Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Bolivia.
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Disclaimer
Bayanan, ra'ayoyin da shawarwarin da aka gabatar a cikin shafukan yanar gizon mu na masu ba da gudummawa ne, kuma ba lallai ba ne su kasance suna nuna dabi'u da imani na Majalisar Kimiyya ta Duniya.
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