Barkewar cutar da canjin yanayin bugawa a Afirka

Kwayar cutar ta COVID-19, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, ta haifar da dogon lokaci al'amurran da suka shafi game da samun damar ilimin kimiyya. A cikin fuskantar wannan gaggawar da ba a taɓa yin irinta ba kuma don mayar da martani ga yunƙurin buɗaɗɗen ilimin kimiyya, wuraren da aka riga aka buga sun sami farin jini na musamman. Ko da mafi kyawun mujallolin da ke da saurin bin diddigin takwarorinsu-bita ba za su iya gasa ba tare da sauƙi da saurin da aka bayar ta preprints. Preprints ya zama mabuɗin don saurin yaɗa fitowar kimiyya, lissafin kuɗi 17 - 30% na duk takaddun bincike na COVID-19 a cikin 2020.

Irin waɗannan dandamali ba sababbi bane. An yi amfani da su na ɗan lokaci, suna samun ci gaba a cikin tsarin samar da ilimi. The ƙarfafawa daga manyan hukumomin bayar da kuɗi da mujallu don buga rubuce-rubucen da aka yi a kusa da Zika da barkewar cutar Ebola a cikin 'yan shekarun nan sun taimaka wajen gina shari'ar don yin amfani da sabar safa. Gane ƙimar haɓaka ilimin raba ilimi, mutane da yawa sun juya zuwa preprints lokacin da COVID-19 ya bugi, zama wani ɓangare na 'Torrent of COVID Science'. Koyaya, wannan karuwar ba komai bane illa dai dai-dai - binciken biyu ya kammala cewa masana kimiyyar Afirka sun rubuta kashi 3% na duk binciken COVID-19 (ba tare da haɗe da preprints ba), kuma abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da nahiyar sun kai ɗan ƙasa sama da 4% (BMJ) - nuna jerin jerin abubuwan son zuciya da shinge waɗanda ke hana masanan Afirka bugawa a cikin mujallolin da aka lissafa.

Wadannan kididdigar sun nuna bukatar bunkasa samar da bincike da masana kimiya na Afirka ke jagoranta a Afirka, amma kuma akwai bukatar a tallafa wajen buga sakamakon binciken, da kuma tabbatar da cewa ana iya samun wallafe-wallafen. Ƙananan mujallolin Afirka ba koyaushe suke da ikon ɗaukar cikakkun abubuwan da ke cikin su ta kan layi ba, don haka samun ma'ajiyar dijital mai ƙarfi, haɗin kai da neman bincike shine. gane a matsayin wata hanya mai mahimmanci ta magance rashin hangen nesa ga binciken Afirka. Buga bincike a ƙarƙashin damar buɗewa zai iya ƙara haɓaka hangen nesa a tsakanin masu karatu da kafofin watsa labarai (waɗanda suke ƙaruwa juya zuwa buɗe preprints don bayanai), da kuma tsakanin masu bincike, wanda saboda haka yana haɓaka haɗin gwiwar kimiyya da fitarwa.

'AfricArxiv, babban tarihin dijital na al'umma don bincike na Afirka, ya kasance kaddamar baya cikin 2018, amma cutar ta 2020 ce ta jawo hankalin jama'a ga ma'ajiyar. A wannan ma'anar ta musamman, cutar ta kasance 'albarka ce a ɓoye' ga al'ummar kimiyyar Saharar Afirka,' in ji Joy Owango, Babban Darakta a Cibiyar Nazarin. Cibiyar Horarwa a Sadarwa kuma, kamar haka, AfirkaArXiv abokin tarayya. "Muna amfani da sabbin hanyoyin sadarwa na ilimi da kuma wallafe-wallafen kimiyya don ƙara fitowar abubuwan bincike na Afirka, musamman a kan. Covid-19, inda muke baje kolin abubuwan da masu binciken Afirka suka buga tare da bincike daga wajen Afirka game da COVID-19 a cikin yanayin yankin Afirka.'

Jo Havemann, babban darektan AfricArXiv, ya kara da cewa: 'AfricArxiv ta zama wani dandali don buga binciken Afirka nan da nan kuma kyauta, ta yadda za ta samar da karin hangen nesa na yanki da na kasa da kasa ga ayyukan masu binciken Afirka da kuma karfafa hadin gwiwar tsakanin-da-nahiya. '

A matsayin mai sanya hannu na Helsinki Initiative akan Multilingualism, AfricArxiv yana ƙarfafa ƙaddamarwa a cikin harsunan Afirka na gargajiya kamar su Swahili, Zulu, Afrikaans, Igbo da Akan:

'Tun da mu ƙaddamar a cikin 2018, mun sami mafi yawan ƙaddamarwa a cikin Ingilishi, da kuma ƴan gabatarwa a cikin Faransanci da Setwana. Karɓar ƙaddamarwa a cikin harsuna ban da Ingilishi har yanzu yana jinkiri: har yanzu akwai ƙaramin matakin wayar da kan ayyukanmu a cikin ƙasashen da ba Ingilishi ba, rashin son raba abubuwan bincike a waje da aikin bugu na al'ada, iyakance ƙarfin dijital a cibiyoyi, in ambaci wasu 'yan dalilai. Duk da haka, ta hanyar haɗin gwiwarmu, muna ci gaba da ƙoƙari don canza wannan, misali ɗaya shine haɗin gwiwarmu tare da Masakhane, ST Communications da ScienceLink wanda muke kan aiwatar da fassarar labaran bincike 180 daga Turanci zuwa harsuna shida na gargajiya na Afirka,' in ji Jo. Havemann.

Amfani da preprints ba tare da jayayya ba. Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin rubuce-rubucen da aka riga aka rubuta da daidaitattun labaran da aka bita na takwarorinsu ba koyaushe ne ake isar da su ko fahimtar su ta hanyar kafofin watsa labarai da jama'a ba, wanda zai iya haifar da da'awar da ba ta dace ba da kuma haifar da rudani. A cikin lokuta na gaggawa, duk da haka, irin waɗannan ma'ajin na iya zama tashar mai ƙarfi don yaɗa mahimman bayanai akan lokaci, kuma haɓakar abubuwan da aka riga aka yi a Afirka yana tabbatar da samun ƙarin muryoyi daban-daban. Don magance cututtuka - na duniya ta ma'anarsu - muna buƙatar shigarwar duniya ta gaske. Da fatan za a ci gaba da kiyaye wannan faffadan sa hannu na al'ummar kimiyyar kasa da kasa har ma da karfafa a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. A cikin mahallin rikitattun ƙalubalen wanzuwar da ke fuskantar ɗan adam, daga sauyin yanayi zuwa fasahohi masu tasowa, yana da mahimmanci cewa tarihin da aka buga na kimiyya ya kasance na duniya, bambanta kuma mai isa ga kowa.

image da RuslanCh form PxHere