Makomar mu ta dogara gare mu: Sauyin yanayi na Antarctic da muhalli

Antarctica, nahiya mafi kudanci a duniya, gida ce ga wasu abubuwan al'ajabi masu ban mamaki a duniya. Duk da haka, yana kuma daya daga cikin yankunan da suka fi fuskantar sauyin yanayi. Yayin da yanayin zafi a duniya ke ci gaba da hauhawa, tasirin Antarctica da tekunan da ke kewaye zai yi zurfi. Don haskaka wannan tasirin, Kwamitin Kimiyya kan Binciken Antarctic (SCAR) ya yi aiki tare da masana kimiyya a duk faɗin duniya don samar da abubuwan. Canjin Yanayi na Antarctic da Takaitaccen Bayanin Muhalli (ACCE). Rahoton ya ba da taƙaitaccen bincike na tsawon shekaru goma, kuma surori takwas nasa sun bar shakku kaɗan: nahiyar Antarctic tana ɗumamar yanayi, haka ma kewaye da Tekun Kudu.

Canjin yanayi da Antarctica

Sauyin yanayi yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci a kan tudun kankara na Antarctica, yanayi da rayuwa, tare da babban sakamako a duniya. Rahoton ACCE yana ba da taƙaitacciyar taƙaitattun bayanai na fahimtar yanzu, takamaiman shawarwari don ayyuka don magance canji, da shawarwari don ƙarin bincike. Yana da mahimmanci mu fahimci abin da waɗannan canje-canje ke nufi ga Antarctic da sauran duniya - da abin da za mu iya yi. Rahoton ya kasance karkashin jagorancin Farfesa Steven Chown na Jami'ar Monash, Daraktan Tabbatar da Muhalli na Antarctica (SAEF) da Shugaban SCAR na nan take.

Sadar da Muhimman Kimiyya

An samar da rahoton ACCE don taron ba da shawara kan yarjejeniyar Antarctic na 2022 a Berlin, wanda aka tsara don sadarwa ga ƙungiyoyin yarjejeniyar yadda muke buƙatar ɗaukar matakan gaggawa don rage tasirin sauyin yanayi a duniya a Antarctica da Kudancin tekun. Sai dai kuma sakon rahoton na da bukatar a yada shi yadda ya kamata. Don haka, SCAR ta samar da wani raye-raye wanda ke taƙaita mahimman saƙon daga rahoton, tare da tsari mai ban sha'awa wanda aka tsara don isa ga sabbin masu sauraro.

Yi bidiyo

A raye-rayen ya taƙaita tasirin canjin yanayi a sassa daban-daban na tsarin duniya, ta hanyoyin da ke da alaƙa mai zurfi da Antarctica da Kudancin Tekun:

• Yanayi: Ƙara yawan adadin iskar gas da yanayin yanayin yanayi suna shafar abubuwan da ke faruwa a yanayi, kamar raƙuman zafi, hazo, da yanayin iska.
• Tekuna: Tekun Kudancin na ɗaya daga cikin mafi girman nitsewar carbon a duniya, kuma ana buƙatar bincike don fahimtar yadda hakan ke shafar tekuna da yanayi.
• Cryosphere: Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci yadda cryosphere na Antarctic - wanda ya haɗa da kankara na teku, permafrost, da kankara - yana canzawa don amsa yanayin yanayi da canjin teku.
• Matsayin Teku: Sheet ɗin kankara na Antarctic yana riƙe da isasshen ruwa don haɓaka matsakaicin matakin teku na duniya da mita 58 idan an narke gaba ɗaya. Muna bukatar mu fahimci yadda igiyar kankara ke mayar da martani ga sauyin yanayi da kuma yadda hakan zai iya shafar matakan tekun duniya.
• Rayuwar Ruwa & Rayuwar ƙasa: Canje-canje ga yanayin Antarctica yana tasiri nau'ikan da ke zaune a wurin, yawancinsu sun dace da yanayin Antarctic. Nau'o'i irin su krill, muhimmin ginshiƙi na yanayin yanayin Antarctic, tuni canjin yanayi ya shafa.

Makomar Mu Ta Dogara A Gare Mu

Gabaɗaya, rahoton ACCE tunatarwa ce mai tada hankali game da tasirin sauyin yanayi a wannan duniyar tamu da matsananciyar buƙatar aiki. Kamar yadda rahoton ya kammala, "makomar Antarctica tana da nasaba da makomar tsarin yanayi na duniya, kuma kalubalen da ake fuskanta kan sauyin yanayi na bukatar hadin kai da hadin gwiwa da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba."

Canjin yanayi zai haifar da sakamako akan Antarctica da Kudancin Tekun, waɗanda yawancinsu muna iya gani a yau. Duk da haka, bai makara ba don ɗaukar mataki. Muna buƙatar saduwa da wuce maƙasudin fitar da iskar gas na yarjejeniyar yanayi ta Paris - kuma mu yi hakan cikin gaggawa.

Makomarmu ta dogara da mu.

Game da SCAR

The Kwamitin Kimiyya a kan Nazarin Antarctic (SCAR) ƙungiya ce mai jigo ta Majalisar Kimiyya ta Duniya, kuma an ƙirƙira ta a cikin 1958. SCAR tana da alhakin ƙaddamarwa, haɓakawa da daidaita ingantaccen bincike na kimiyya na duniya a yankin Antarctic (ciki har da Tekun Kudancin), da kuma rawar da Yankin Antarctic a cikin tsarin Duniya. SCAR tana ba da shawara ta kimiya ta gaskiya da mai zaman kanta ga taron shawarwarin yarjejeniyar Antarctic da sauran kungiyoyi irin su UNFCCC da IPCC kan batutuwan kimiyya da kiyayewa da suka shafi gudanar da Antarctica da Tekun Kudancin teku da kuma rawar da yankin Antarctic ke takawa a cikin tsarin duniya.

Rahoton rahoto: Chown, SL, Leihy, RI, Naish, TR, Brooks, CM, Convey, P., Henley, BJ, Mackintosh, AN, Phillips, LM, Kennicutt, MC II & Grant, SM (Eds.) (2022) Canjin Yanayi na Antarctic da Muhalli: Takaitaccen Bayani na Decadal da Shawarwari don Aiki. Kwamitin Kimiyya akan Binciken Antarctic, Cambridge, United Kingdom.