Bude karatun kimiyya: Yuni 2024

A cikin wannan fitowar, muna dauke da edita ta Mitsuhiro Okada, Farfesa Emeritus a Jami'ar Keio, wanda ke ba da ra'ayoyinsa game da ci gaban Bude Access (OA) motsi a Japan.

Hankali cikin Buɗaɗɗen Samun Motsi a Japan

Sakamakon Taron kolin Sendai G2023 na Ministocin Kimiyya-Fasaha na 7, Gwamnatin Japan ta himmatu don Buɗe Samun damar (OA) nan da 2025*. Koyaya, akan dandalin mujallar ilimin jama'a na Jafananci J-Stage, wanda Hukumar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Japan ke gudanarwa (JST) da kuma tallafin kuɗi daga Gwamnatin Jafananci, kawai 6% na kusan 3,700 da aka yiwa rajista (da kuma 10% na kusan 2,000 masu aiki) suna buɗewa.

Don haka, ta yaya gwamnatin Japan za ta iya cimma OA ta 2025 - 2026?

Ɗaya daga cikin halayen wallafe-wallafen ilimi a Japan shine yawancin ƙungiyar ilimi ko al'umma ce ke tsara su, inda membobin ke biyan kuɗin shekara don samun damar samun labarai cikin sauri. An tsara J-Stage don sauƙaƙe kowace ƙungiya don canza mujallolin su na rajista zuwa OA nan take. A haƙiƙa, mafi rinjaye sun riga sun ba da izinin zazzagewa kyauta don amfani mai kyau a cikin bincike da ilimi, kodayake wasu ƙungiyoyi sun sanya takunkumi.

Sanarwar gwamnati ta OA ta 2025 tana ba da kyakkyawar dama ga ƙungiyoyin ilimi don tattauna sauyawa daga tsarin ƙungiyar gargajiya zuwa sabon tsari tare da OA nan take. Yawanci, ƙungiyoyin ilimi na Japan sun mallaki haƙƙin mallaka na labaran mujallunsu. Wannan ba lallai ba ne babban cikas; idan ƙungiyar ta yanke shawara akan OA, za su iya amfani da lasisin CC ga duk labaran da aka buga a cikin shekaru 50 da suka gabata a lokaci ɗaya.

Don fahimtar 2025 OA a Japan, za a iya aiwatar da mafita na sama-sama inda gwamnati ta umarci kowace jami'a ko cibiya ta kafa Ma'ajiyar OA Nan take (Green OA). Kowace jami'a ko cibiyoyi za su buƙaci masu bincike su gabatar da juzu'in su na ƙarshe don bugawa mai zaman kansa, ba tare da la'akari da buga jaridar da ta dace ba. Wannan hanya ta haifar da batutuwa daban-daban, irin su rikice-rikice tare da ruhun dokar haƙƙin mallaka na Jafananci, rashin fahimta a cikin ma'anar "nau'i na ƙarshe" na takarda da aka yarda da ita, da kuma yiwuwar raunana ƙungiyoyin ilimi na Japan. Wadannan batutuwa suna buƙatar ƙarin tattaunawa. 

Bangarorin daban-daban da abin ya shafa sun yi ƙoƙari don cimma burin OA a Japan na ɗan lokaci yanzu. Wadannan sun hada da jerin tarurrukan bude koli na Japan, wanda karo na biyar da aka gudanar kwanan nan. Godiya ga waɗannan ƙoƙarin haɗin gwiwar da ke gudana, ina da tabbacin cewa nan ba da jimawa ba za mu cimma burin OA a Japan. 

Ina so in nuna wasu batutuwa akan OA a cikin Humanities. A ra'ayi na, ƙayyade idan aikin da aka gyara ya wuce kewayon "samfurin" a cikin ma'anar lasisin CC ya fi dacewa a cikin 'yan adam fiye da filayen kimiyya. Duk da yake cire aikin da aka keta daga shafin yanar gizon yana da sauƙi, ba mai sauƙi ba ne kamar yadda kafofin watsa labaru na gargajiya ke amfani da su a wasu fannonin bil'adama. Akwai 'yan ƙarin batutuwa a cikin Humanities da alaƙa. Wasu daga cikinsu sun fi musamman a Japan. Ina shirin tattauna waɗancan sauran wurare. 

* Don takaddun da aka ambata da bayanan shaidar su da aka samar daga kowane tallafin bincike na jama'a da aka bayar ta kiran aikace-aikacen tallafin da aka sanar a cikin 2025 da bayan. 

Godiya: Marubucin na son gode wa Farfesa Miho Fujimori (NII) don tattaunawa yayin shirye-shiryen wannan rahoto. 

Game da marubucin:

Mitsuhiro Okada Farfesa Emeritus ne a Jami'ar Keio. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Ƙasa na 2nd na Ƙungiyar Tarihi ta Duniya da Falsafa na Kimiyya da Fasaha / Sashen Hankali, Hanyar da Falsafa na Kimiyya da Fasaha (IUHPST/DLMPST) kuma shine lambar sadarwar DLMPST don ISC-Regional Focal Point of Asia-Pacific. Bugu da ƙari, shi ne Daraktan Musanya na Ƙasashen Duniya na Ƙungiyar Jafan don Falsafa na Kimiyya.  

Manyan labarai a Budaddiyar Kimiyya

Jarida na Buɗe Hardware Canje-canje zuwa Buɗaɗɗen Samun Diamond 

• The Jaridar Buɗe Hardware ya rikide zuwa samfurin budaddiyar lu'u-lu'u wanda Jami'ar Western Ontario ta shirya, yana tabbatar da cewa duk labarai suna samuwa kyauta ba tare da kuɗin bugawa ba. Wannan sauyi, wanda ke samun goyan bayan haƙurin al'umma, yana da nufin samar da hanyar buga littattafai cikin sauƙi da kuma bayyana a sarari. Mujallar yanzu tana karɓar ƙaddamar da labarin da masu bita a ƙarƙashin wannan sabon ƙirar, ta ci gaba da aikinta na ciyar da guraben karo ilimi na kayan aiki. 

Cambridge ta ƙaddamar da Platform Buɗaɗɗen Samun Mujallar Diamond 

• Jami'ar Cambridge ta kaddamar da Diamond Open Access Journals dandamali, aikin gwaji na shekara guda don tallafawa al'ummar bincike na jami'a a buɗaɗɗen bincike da buga littattafai. Buɗaɗɗen Tsarin Bincike da Ofishin Ƙungiyoyin Sadarwar Masana a cikin Laburare na Jami'ar Cambridge (CUL) ne ke haɓaka wannan yunƙurin kuma yana amfani da Dandalin ma'ajiya na DSpace don ba da damar buɗe damar shiga, mujallun da aka bita na tsara ba tare da kuɗin bugawa ba. Jaridu huɗu da ɗalibai ke jagoranta, gami da Cambridge Journal of Climate Research, suna shiga cikin matukin jirgi, tare da shirye-shiryen faɗaɗa haɗawa da tantance dorewa na dogon lokaci. 

PKP tana goyan bayan sanarwar Barcelona akan Budaddiyar Bayanan Bincike 

• The Aikin Ilimin Jama'a (PKP) ya amince da hakan Sanarwar Barcelona kan Budaddiyar Bayanan Bincike, wani yunƙuri da aka ƙaddamar a cikin Afrilu 2024 don haɓaka buɗaɗɗen, bincike na haɗin gwiwa da raba ilimi daidai. Sanarwar ta yi daidai da jagororin FAIR, jaddada budewa, haɗin gwiwa, da kuma ci gaba da kayan aiki don canzawa daga rufewa zuwa buɗe bayanan bincike. PKP, wanda aka sani da kayan aikin buɗaɗɗen Tushen Software na Kyauta wanda fiye da mujallu 44,000 ke amfani da shi a duk duniya, ya haɗu da wasu ƙungiyoyi 28 don tallafawa wannan yunƙurin don haɓaka samun dama da amfani da bayanan bincike. 

Rubuce-rubucen Mai Shekara 50: An Janye Takardu Biyu 

• Wata farfesa ta lissafi a Poland ta sake janye wasu takardu biyu bayan da aka gano cewa ta yi bogi a kan takardar shaidar digirin digirgir a shekarar 1968 da wani masanin ilimin kimiyyar sararin samaniya ya yi. The Takardu, wanda aka buga a cikin 2016 da 2017 a cikin mujallar Topology da Aikace-aikacen sa, wanda Elsevier ya buga, an gano su yi kama da rubutun da ba a buga ba.  

Estonia don Gabatar da Cikakken Bincike, Ci gaba, da Dokokin Ƙirƙira 

• An saita Estonia don gabatar da sabon aiki akan bincike, haɓakawa, da ƙirƙira, sabunta doka daga 1997 waɗanda ake ganin ba su da inganci don buƙatun yanzu. Mahimman manufofin sun haɗa da ƙirƙirar haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi tsakanin R&D da ƙirƙira, ingantacciyar daidaituwar ma'aikatar, sabon tsarin ba da kuɗi don cibiyoyi, da ƙa'idodin ɗabi'a a cikin doka a karon farko. Gwamnati na sa ran za a aiwatar da dokar, a halin yanzu da ake tuntubar masu ruwa da tsaki, a karshen shekara kuma a fara aiwatar da ita a farkon shekarar 2025. 

ASM ya karɓi Biyan kuɗi zuwa Buɗe Model don 2025 

• {ungiyar {asashen Amirka don Microbiology (ASM) za ta aiwatar da tsarin biyan kuɗi zuwa Buɗe (S2O) don mujallun bincike na farko guda shida a cikin 2025. Wannan motsi yana goyan bayan manufar ASM don yada babban tasiri na bincike a duniya da haɓaka ci gaban kimiyya. Samfurin S2O zai canza biyan kuɗin ASM mujallu don buɗe damar shiga, ba da damar mawallafa a cibiyoyin biyan kuɗi don bugawa ba tare da cajin sarrafa labarin ba (APCs), ta yadda za a sa wallafe-wallafen ya zama daidai kuma mai haɗawa. Bugu da ƙari, samfurin S2O na ASM zai rage nauyin gudanarwa ta hanyar yin amfani da hanyoyin biyan kuɗin laburaren da ake da su, tare da kawar da buƙatar tattaunawar mutum ɗaya. 

UNE Ta Karbi Tallafin $80,000 don Haɓaka Samun Albarkatun Ilimi mara Kuɗi 

• Jami'ar New England (UNE) ya samu kyautar $80,000 daga Davis Educational Foundation don tallafawa tallafin buɗaɗɗen albarkatun ilimi (OER) a cikin shekaru uku masu zuwa. Wannan yunƙurin yana nufin rage nauyin kuɗi ga ɗalibai da haɓaka damar zuwa kayan ilimi. A cewar shugaban Ayyukan Laburare na UNE, wannan tallafin zai haifar da ƙaramin damar baiwa ɗalibai damar amfani da albarkatun OER, haɓaka nasarar ɗalibai da haɗin kai. Ta hanyar shiga Cibiyar Ilimi ta Budewa a cikin 2023, UNE tana aiki don ƙirƙirar ingantaccen yanayin koyo inda duk ɗalibai ke samun damar samun abubuwan da suka dace daga rana ɗaya. 

Budaddiyar Kimiyya NL ta ƙaddamar da Shirin Ba da Tallafin Kuɗi na Yuro miliyan 12.5 don Kayayyakin Dijital 

• Open Science NL ta sanar da shirin bayar da tallafi na Yuro miliyan 12.5, mafi girma zuwa yau, da nufin inganta ko haɓakawa. bude kimiyya kayayyakin more rayuwa. Shirin yana ƙarfafa ƙoƙarin haɗin gwiwa don haɓaka hanyoyin da ake da su, haɓaka haɗin kai da dorewa a buɗaɗɗen kayan aikin kimiyya. Masu sha'awar za su iya ƙaddamar da aikace-aikacen ƙananan ayyuka har zuwa € 250,000 ko manyan ayyuka daga € 250,000 zuwa € 1,500,000, tare da tsawon aikin har zuwa shekaru biyu da hudu, bi da bi. 

Fassarar Fitar da Rahoton Rahoton Cigaban Jarida na 2024 tare da Haɗin Kai 

• Bayyana ya fitar da sabuntawar 2024 zuwa ga Rahoton Cigaban Jarida™ (JCR™), yana ba da cikakkiyar martaba na ingantattun mujallu don cibiyoyin ilimi, masu bincike, da masu wallafawa. JCR na wannan shekara ya haɗa da ƙima ɗaya ɗaya a cikin nau'ikan batutuwa, haɗe da Fihirisar Cigaban Tushen Maɓuɓɓuka (ESCI) don ingantaccen ƙima da ƙima. Rahotonnin sun rufe mujallu sama da 21,800, gami da kusan mujallun shiga buɗe ido 5,800, da kuma gabatar da Mujallar Impact Factor™ (JIF™) zuwa mujallu 544 a karon farko. Waɗannan abubuwan haɓakawa suna tabbatar da cewa duk amintattun mujallolin suna da kima ba tare da la'akari da mitar ambato ba. 

An sabunta Dabarun Samun Buɗaɗɗen Ƙasa ta Ƙasar Switzerland don Tabbatar da Samun Samun Kyauta ga Duk Binciken Tallafin Jama'a nan da 2032 

• An sabunta Dabarun Samun Buɗaɗɗen Ƙasa ta Ƙasar Swiss yana da nufin samar da duk wani wallafe-wallafen da ake ba da kuɗin jama'a kyauta tare da samun damar karanta na'ura ba tare da wani takunkumi ba. Wannan buɗaɗɗen yada sakamakon binciken ana sa ran zai amfanar da al'umma da ilimi sosai kuma ana sa ran kammala shi nan da shekarar 2032. Dabarar ta ginu kan yunƙurin 2017, wanda zai kai ga samun cikakkiyar damar shiga cikin 2032, tare da jami'o'in Switzerland da Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) yana ɗaukar ƙoƙarin gaba. Dabarar da aka sabunta ta jaddada haɓaka abubuwan more rayuwa, musamman don lu'u-lu'u da koren damar buɗe ido musamman), tsare-tsaren shari'a, shawarwarin wallafe-wallafe, da haɓaka al'adun samun damar buɗe ido.

Bude abubuwan Kimiyya da dama 

• Manufar Buɗaɗɗen shiga Gidauniyar Bill & Melinda Gates tana buƙatar duk binciken da Gates ke bayarwa don buga shi azaman riga-kafi daga Janairu 2025. F1000 ya haɗa gwiwa da Gidauniya don ƙaddamar da VeriXiv a cikin watan Agusta 2024 don tallafawa masu ba da tallafi don bin ka'idodin da aka sake fasalin. Don ƙarin koyo, shiga wannan gidan yanar gizon akan 22 ga Yuli 2024 mai taken "Demystifying Preprints: Fa'idodin Raba Farko a Bincike" da ƙarfe 10:00 na safe EDT / 3:00 na yamma BST. 
• Nadin na Sarah Jones Award da Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Bincike (RDA). don keɓancewar gudummawar don haɓaka haɗin gwiwa a cikin Buɗaɗɗen Kimiyya yanzu a buɗe yake. Kwanan lokaci don karɓar nadin takara shine 12 Satumba 2024.   
• AIMOS 2024: Za a gudanar da taron shekara-shekara na shida na Associationungiyar for Interdisciplinary Meta-research & Open Science (AIMOS) daga 19 to 21 Nuwamba 2024 in Canberra/Kanbarra. Ana iya buɗe ƙaddamar da taron a watan Agusta 2024. 
• Bugu na 3 na Bude Kimiyya a Kudu taron, za a gudanar a Cape Town daga 9 to 11 Disamba 2024. Kira ga abstract yanzu yana buɗe kuma ana iya isa ga fom ɗin nan.  

Ayuba Opportunities

• EPFL, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Tarayya ta Switzerland a Lausanne, tana gayyatar aikace-aikace don cike gurbin Bude Jami'in Kimiyya. Aiwatar nan. 
• The Bude Gidauniyar Preservation yana neman gogaggen ƙwazo Darekta zartarwa. Ranar ƙarshe na aikace-aikacen shine 8 Yuli 2024. 
• Aikin Ilimin Jama'a (PKP) yana neman a Project Manager don ba da kulawa ga ayyuka iri-iri na yanzu da masu tasowa. Aiwatar tare da ci gaba da wasiƙar murfin, ba daga baya ba fiye da 4:00 na yamma, Lokacin Pacific yana kunne 11 Yuli 2024.  
• astera neman m, high-hujja 'yan kasuwa don Open Science Fellow shirin don haɓaka musayar bayanai na mu'amala a cikin ilimin kimiyyar rayuwa. Wannan shekara guda, haɗin kai na cikakken lokaci yana ba da albashi na $ 125K - $ 200K kuma har zuwa $ 350,000 a cikin albarkatu don haɓaka sabbin kayan aikin wallafe-wallafen kimiyya, da nufin ƙirƙirar ƙungiya ko kamfani. Ranar ƙarshe na aikace-aikacen shine 25 Yuli 2024. 

Manyan Budaddiyar Kimiyyar mu goma tana karantawa

• Wasikar Baƙo - Matsayin DOAJ wajen Tallafawa Amintacce a cikin Jaridun Malamai: Kalubale na Yanzu da Magani na gaba 
• Bugawa Kyauta 
• Bude Shiga: Farashin Diamond 
• ResearchGate yana Boye Buɗe Labaran Samun damar shiga 
• Gina Dogara a Kimiyya Aikin Zamantakewa ne da Fasaha 
• Ayyukan Buga Matsala waɗanda ke cutar da Buɗaɗɗen Kimiyya 
• Bude damar shiga yana Aiki - amma masu bincike a cikin Kasashe masu samun kudin shiga suna jin daɗin ƙarancin fa'idodi 
• Buɗaɗɗen Bayanan Bayanai na Ƙirar Gudanar da Labari daga Manyan Mawallafin Mawallafa Shida (2019-2023) 
• A Nature Picket 
• Buɗe Shiga: Fa'ida Ba Nauyi ba Wanda Ya Cancanci Kuɗi 

Disclaimer

Bayanin, ra'ayoyi da shawarwarin da baƙinmu suka gabatar na ɗaya daga cikin masu ba da gudummawa ne, kuma ba lallai ba ne su yi daidai da ƙima da imani na Majalisar Kimiyya ta Duniya.

image da Daniel Clay on Unsplash