Bude karatun kimiyya: Yuni 2023

An fara buga wannan edita daga Heila Pienaar a kan Frontiers akan 14 Yuni 2023.

Bude kimiyya a Afirka: Canje-canjen ci gaba zuwa Buɗe Kimiyya (OS) yana ƙara bayyana gaskiya da haɗin gwiwa a cikin kasuwancin bincike. Wannan Maudu'in Bincike yana da nufin bincika sauyi zuwa OS a Afirka, gami da damuwa da fa'idodin OS ga masu bincike da masu ruwa da tsaki. Har ila yau, ta yi nazari kan rawar da sabbin fasahohi da kayayyakin more rayuwa ke takawa wajen aiwatar da OA da kuma daidaita rarrabuwar kawuna tsakanin kasashe. A cikin wannan editan, mun ba da taƙaitaccen bayani game da labarai guda takwas waɗanda ke ba da haske a kan fannoni daban-daban na buɗaɗɗen kimiyya, raba bayanai, da ƙalubale da damar da suke bayarwa a yanayin Afirka. Wadannan kasidu suna nuna mahimmancin masu tsara manufofi, cibiyoyi, da masu bincike suna aiki tare don haɓaka al'adun kimiyyar buɗe ido da magance matsalolin da ake da su na samun damar bayanai a nahiyar Afirka.

Labarin ta Okafor et al. yana mai da hankali kan karvar ayyukan budaddiyar kimiyya (OS) a Afirka, la’akari da iyakoki da abubuwan da ake sa ran kafawa. Marubutan sun jaddada mahimmancin samun damar kimiyya don ci gaban binciken kimiyya da ci gaban masana kimiyya na gaba a Afirka. Suna ba da haske game da sake dawowar tattaunawa game da kimiyyar buɗe ido sakamakon cutar ta COVID-19, musamman a wuraren da ba su da wadata kamar Afirka inda ayyukan OS ke iyakance a halin yanzu. Gabaɗaya, labarin bita yana aiki azaman dabarun bayar da shawarwari da jagorar bayanai ga masu tsara manufofi da masu ruwa da tsaki wajen haɓakawa da haɗa ayyukan buɗaɗɗen kimiyya a Afirka. Yana nuna mahimmancin shawo kan shinge da haɓaka yanayi mai tallafi don buɗe ilimin kimiyya don bunƙasa a cikin nahiyar (Okafor et al.).

Labari na gaba, "Sake Tunanin a cikin bayanan FAIR: batutuwan samun damar bayanai da samun dama cikin bincike" ta Shanahan da Bezuidenhout, yana tayar da damuwa game da zato na samun dama a cikin ka'idodin bayanai na FAIR (Ana iya samun, Samun damar yin aiki, da Sake amfani da su). Marubutan sun jaddada cewa samun damar samun albarkatun bayanai na FAIR na iya yin tasiri ta hanyar abubuwan geopolitical, yana ta'azzara rashin daidaiton samun damar data kasance. Suna jaddada buƙatar ƙara wayar da kan jama'a da la'akari da waɗannan batutuwa a cikin aiwatar da FAIR (Shanahan da Bezuidenhout).

Labarin, "Bude kimiyya a Afirka: abin da masu tsara manufofi ya kamata suyi la'akari" ta Chiware da Skelly, ya jaddada mahimmancin gwamnatocin Afirka da cibiyoyi na rungumar ka'idodin kimiyya masu buɗe ido da gina gine-ginen bincike waɗanda suka dace da motsin kimiyya na buɗe ido na duniya. Marubutan suna nuna mahimmancin tsarin manufofin OS kuma suna ba da haske ga masu tsara manufofi, da nufin jagorantar irin wannan yunƙurin a Afirka (Skelly da Chiware).

"Masu bincike na Afirka ba sa tunani daban-daban game da buɗaɗɗen bayanai" ta Skelly da Chiware, yayi nazari akan halayen masu bincike na Afirka game da buɗaɗɗen bayanai kuma ya nuna cewa ra'ayoyinsu ba su da bambanci sosai da takwarorinsu na duniya. Wannan binciken ya jaddada buƙatar masu tsara manufofi da cibiyoyi don fahimta da magance damuwa da tsammanin masu bincike game da raba bayanai da buɗaɗɗen yanayin halittu (Skelly da Chiware).

A cikin "Bude damar shiga da kuma tasirin sa ga lafiyar jama'a-hangen Afirka ta Kudu", Strydom et al. yi nazarin tasirin buɗaɗɗen shiga ga lafiyar jama'a a Afirka ta Kudu. Suna bayyana fa'idodin kimiyyar buɗe ido kuma suna tattauna abubuwan kuɗi da yuwuwar mafita don rage farashin bugawa ga masu bincike da cibiyoyi. Har ila yau, marubutan sun magance matsalolin sirri da kuma rawar da dokar kariyar bayanai ke takawa a cikin binciken likita da sake amfani da bayanai (Strydom et al.).

Hai ta labarin, "Bude kimiyya da manyan bayanai a Afirka ta Kudu", yana mai da hankali kan kalubale da damar da "Big Scientific Data" ke gabatarwa a Afirka ta Kudu, musamman a cikin mahallin aikin Array na Square Kilomita da Multi-Purpose Reactor. Marubucin ya nuna mahimmancin manufofin kimiyya na bude da kuma ka'idodin FAIR wajen sarrafawa da kuma samar da irin waɗannan bayanai, yana ba da shawarar yin amfani da alamar ma'anar ma'anar da kuma jaddada rawar da ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu suke yi a cikin sarrafa bayanan bincike (Hey).

Chigwada's "Yiwuwar manufar bude bayanan kasa a Zimbabwe" yana nazarin yuwuwar aiwatar da manufar bude bayanan kasa a Zimbabwe. Binciken ya yi la'akari da shirye-shiryen kasar ta fuskar ayyukan budaddiyar bayanai, inda ya nuna bukatar bayar da shawarwari, wayar da kan jama'a, da hada kai a tsakanin masu ruwa da tsaki wajen yin sana'o'i da samar da manufar bude bayanan kasa. Marubucin ya jaddada ƙimar gwamnati da bayanan bincike don tuki bincike da ƙididdigewa (Chigwada).

"Gina wayar da kan jama'a da iyawar bioinformatics da buɗaɗɗen ƙwarewar kimiyya a Kenya: wayar da kan jama'a, horo, hack, da samfurin haɗin gwiwa" ta Karega et al., yana gabatar da wani tsari don haɓaka ilimin kimiyyar halittu da ƙwarewar ilimin kimiyya a Kenya. Marubutan suna baje kolin Sensitize-Train-Hack-Collaborate/Community model, wanda ya haɗu da fahimtar-gina, horo, ayyukan haɗin gwiwa, da haɗin gwiwar al'umma don ƙarfafa masu bincike tare da ƙwarewar da suka dace da kayan aiki a cikin ilimin kimiyya da bioinformatics.Karega et al.).

Waɗannan labaran sun haɗa kai don nuna mahimmancin buɗaɗɗen kimiyya, samun damar bayanai, da haɓaka manufofi a Afirka. Suna bayyana buƙatar ƙara wayar da kan jama'a, haɓaka iya aiki, da haɗin gwiwar tsakanin horo don shawo kan ƙalubale da yin amfani da yuwuwar kimiyyar buɗe ido.

Heila Pienaar

Dokta Heila Pienaar ta kasance Mataimakin Darakta: Ƙirƙirar Dabaru a Jami'ar Pretoria Library har zuwa karshen 2018. Bukatun bincikenta sun haɗa da tsarin gudanarwa, kerawa da haɓakawa a cikin ɗakunan karatu na ilimi, e-Research da Gudanar da Bayanan Bincike. Ta ƙaddamar da Makarantar Makerspace ta farko na ilimi a Afirka kuma ta tsara Cibiyar Siyarwa ta Dijital na Jami'ar Pretoria.

Manyan labarai a Budaddiyar Kimiyya

Ministocin EU sun bukaci 'Ba a Biya' Tsarin Buga Ilimi, Tattaunawar Tattaunawa Kan Yiwuwa da Kudade 

• Majalisar Ministocin Tarayyar Turai ta ba da shawarar tsarin buga littattafai na 'babu biya', inda ke ba da shawarar samun damar yin amfani da littattafan ilimi kyauta ga marubuta da masu karatu. Duk da goyon bayan da aka samu daga cibiyoyin ilimi, irin su Ƙungiyar Bincike ta Jamus (DFG), wakilai daga masana'antar wallafe-wallafen sun nuna damuwa game da yuwuwar wannan samfurin da kuma rashin fayyace kan kuɗaɗen sa. Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Kimiyya, Fasaha da Likita (STM) Ƙungiya don masana'antar wallafe-wallafen ilimi, tsoron aiwatar da irin wannan samfurin zai iya kawar da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu na Turai. 

Shirin S Zai Cire 68% na "Jaridu Masu Sauya" 

• Fiye da kashi biyu bisa uku, 1,589 daga cikin mujallu 2,326 (68%), na 'Jaridun Canje-canje' waɗanda suka cancanci samun kuɗi a cikin Shirin S Za a fitar da shirin bude-baki daga tsarin don kasa cika bukatunsu. Shirin S, wanda ke ba da izinin buɗe damar kai tsaye ga takaddun bincike waɗanda masu ba da kuɗi na duniya ke goyan bayan, yana buƙatar ƙaƙƙarfan mujallolin da za su jajirce don canzawa zuwa cikakkiyar damar shiga. Shawarar tana nuna canji a mai da hankali daga wallafe-wallafe na tushen biyan kuɗi zuwa cikakkiyar damar shiga da sauri, tare da cire tallafi ga mujallu masu canzawa daga 2024 zuwa gaba. 

Shirin S yana Neman Madadin Samfuran Kasuwanci zuwa Cajin Gudanar da Labari a cikin Buga Malamai 

• A karkashin Shirin S, Ƙungiyoyin masu ba da kuɗi na Coalition S suna neman shawarwarin sashen bincike don madadin kasuwancin kasuwanci zuwa cajin sarrafa labarin (APCs), da nufin sake fasalin hanyar samun damar shiga cikin wallafe-wallafen masana. Kamar yadda APC, yawanci masu bayar da kuɗi ko cibiyoyi ke biya, ke ƙara tsada da rashin dorewa, Majalisar gwamnatocin ƙasashe membobin EU ta jaddada wajibcin samar da samfuran wallafe-wallafen da ba su dogara ga cajin kowane ɗayan ba. A ciki haɗin gwiwa tare da Jisc da Plos, Coalition S ta ƙaddamar da ƙungiyar aiki don gano tsarin biyan kuɗi masu adalci da kuma amfani da kudaden bincike don tallafawa yanayin da ba na APC ba. 

Curtin Buɗe Ilmin Ƙaddamarwa Buɗe Dashboard Dama: Babban Sabuntawa da Faɗaɗɗen Rufewa 

• The Curtin Buɗe Ilmin Ƙaddamarwa kwanan nan sun sanar da wani gagarumin sabuntawa ga dashboard ɗin Buɗaɗɗen Samun damar su, kammala ƙaura daga Microsoft Academic Graph (MAG) zuwa OpenAlex, da kuma fitar da bayanai don abubuwan bincike da aka buga a cikin 2022. Dashboard ɗin da aka haɓaka yana ba da ingantacciyar bin diddigin abubuwan buɗaɗɗen damar shiga, yanzu ya ƙunshi jimillar 14,477 cibiyoyi, kusan ninki biyu na abin da ya gabata.  

Haɓaka Ƙimar Jarida ta Ilimi tana Korar Zazzagewar da ba ta dace ba a Japan 

• Sakamakon kudaden biyan kuɗin mujallu na ilimi sun yi tashin gwauron zabi, amfani da sci-hub don zazzage takardun ilimi ya karu a Japan, wanda ya kai miliyan 7.2 a cikin 2022. Wannan ya jefa shakku kan da'a na masana amma kuma yana nuna karuwar farashin buga littattafai. A cikin wannan cece-ku-ce, masu bincike na kasar Japan sun bayyana damuwarsu game da halin da ake ciki, inda suka matsa kaimi wajen yin shawarwarin gamayya a matakin kasa da kuma haifar da tattaunawa kan sake fasalin tsarin buga littattafai. 

Wiley ya rattaba hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Samun Buɗaɗɗen Yarjejeniyoyi 22 a Arewacin Amurka 

• A cikin gagarumin tafiya zuwa buɗaɗɗen damar shiga, Wiley, Jagora na duniya a cikin wallafe-wallafen kimiyya, ya sanar da sanya hannu ko sabunta yarjejeniyoyin canji na 22 tare da abokan tarayya a fadin Amurka da Mexico. Waɗannan yarjejeniyoyin, waɗanda za a fara a cikin 2023, suna ba wa cibiyoyin da ke shiga damar samun dama ga babban fayil ɗin Wiley na matasan da mujallu na biyan kuɗi. Masu bincike yanzu za su sami damar buga labaran da aka yarda da su a buɗe damar yin amfani da su, da haɓaka samun bincike sosai. Wannan ci gaban ya ƙunshi cibiyoyi 117 kuma an ƙiyasta yin kusan rubuce-rubuce 3,600 buɗaɗɗen damar shiga, wanda ke haifar da ƙwaƙƙwaran buɗaɗɗen damar biyan kuɗi na marubuci a Arewacin Amurka. 

Cibiyar Aspen da Abokin Sadarwar Omidyar don Haɓaka Tattalin Arzikin Bayanai Daidaitacce  

• A kokarin hango hasashen tattalin arzikin data gaskiya, da Cibiyar Aspen, tare da haɗin gwiwar da Cibiyar sadarwa ta Omidyar, ya tattara ƙwararrun masana daban-daban don aikin da aka sani da Majalisar don Kyakkyawan Bayanai na gaba. Wannan majalisa, wanda ya ƙunshi masana ilimi, masana fasaha, kamfanoni, masu tsara manufofi, da wakilan ƙungiyoyin jama'a, na da nufin gano shawarwari don yin tattalin arzikin bayanai ya zama daidai kuma mai amfani ga daidaikun mutane da al'ummomi. Wannan yunƙurin zai ƙare a cikin shawarwari masu dacewa don canza tattalin arzikin bayanai, magance , da aiwatar da shisshigi kai tsaye.  

PeerJ Ya Kaddamar da Buɗe Jerin Ci Gaba don Daidaitacce da Sadarwar Kimiyya mara Kyau 

• PeerJ, babban mawallafi, yana gabatar da jerin mujallu na Buɗe Ci Gaba, yana ba da damar yin amfani da ilimin kimiyya a duniya ba tare da matsalolin kudi ba. Waɗannan mujallun da al'umma ke jagoranta sun ba da fifikon bincike wanda ke magance matsalolin ƙalubalen duniya da haɓaka haɗin gwiwa tsakanin masu bincike. Ta hanyar kawar da cikas kamar Laifin Gudanar da Labari da ƙarfafa al'ummar kimiyya don yanke shawarar abin da za a sake dubawa da bugawa, PeerJ yana da nufin haɓaka yada gagarumin bincike da haɓaka ci gaban kimiyya. 

Aikin DIAMAS Ya Buga Mafi kyawun Ayyuka don Masu Bayar da Sabis na Cibiyoyi 

• Samfuran Buɗaɗɗen Buɗaɗɗen Buɗaɗɗen Cibiyoyin Ci gaba don Ci gaban Sadarwar Malamai (DIAMAS) aikin, tare da haɗin gwiwar Bayanan Lantarki don Laburare (Farashin EIFL) ya fitar da cikakken bayani Rahoton bayyana ma'auni mai inganci da tsarin kima don Masu Ba da Sabis na Buga na Cibiyoyi (ISPs) a cikin mahallin buga Diamond Open Access. Rahoton ya ba da kyakkyawar fahimta game da ayyukan da ake da su, ƙa'idodin ƙasashen duniya, da hanyoyin tantancewa na ISPs. Ya ƙunshi nau'ikan asali guda bakwai: kudade, mallaka da mulki, buɗe ayyukan kimiyya, ingancin edita, ingancin sabis na fasaha, ganuwa, daidaito, bambancin, da haɗawa. 
   

Budaddiyar Kimiyya ta NL ta sanar da Nadin Rukunin Gudanarwa don Korar Buɗewar Kimiyyar Kimiyya a Netherlands 

• Open Science NL, wata sabuwar kungiya da aka kaddamar a Netherlands, ta sanar da nadin Rukunin Gudanarwa. Wanda ya ƙunshi membobi waɗanda cibiyoyin ilimi 15 suka zaɓa kuma aka nada don wa'adin shekaru huɗu, Ƙungiyar Gudanarwa tana kawo ilimi mai yawa, hangen nesa, da bayyani na ajandar kimiyya ta buɗe. Buɗaɗɗen Kimiyya NL yana da nufin haɓaka sauye-sauye don buɗe kimiyya ta hanyar haɓaka yunƙurin bincike da sabbin shirye-shiryen tallafin kuɗi waɗanda suka dace da Buɗewar Kimiyyar 2030 Ambition Document. 
   

Fitar da Rahoton Bayyanawa na 2023 don Mujallun Lissafi a ƙarƙashin Biyan kuɗi don Buɗe (S2O) Initiative 

• Kimiyyar EDP da Société de Mathématiques Industrielles et AppliquéesSMAI) sun buga na uku Rahoton Bayyanawa don mujallun lissafi a ƙarƙashin S2O shirin. Rahoton yana ba da cikakkun bayanai game da farashin biyan kuɗi, sabuntawa, farashi, da bayanan amfani, yana nuna tasirin S2O. Tare da mai da hankali kan nuna gaskiya, rahoton yana ba wa masu karatu da masu ruwa da tsaki damar yanke shawara na gaskiya yayin da ke jaddada cibiyoyin tallafi da ke ci gaba da buƙatar ci gaba da buga buɗaɗɗen shiga. 

Haɓaka Buɗewa Buɗewa: Ƙarin Cibiyoyi 58 Sun Shiga Kamfanin Karatu & Buga Ƙaddamarwar Masana Halitta 

• Kamfanin Masanan Halittu ya ba da sanarwar ƙarin cibiyoyi 58 zuwa yunƙurin Karatu da Bugawa Buɗewa ba tare da tsangwama ba tun daga Janairu 2023, yana ƙara haɓaka zuwa sama. 650 cibiyoyi a fadin kasashe 41. Sabbin haɗin gwiwar ɗakin karatu guda biyu, Cibiyoyin Ilimin Kimiyya da Bincike na Indiya (IISER) da Kwamitin Ba da Shawarwari na Jami'ar haɗin gwiwa (JULAC) Consortium a Hong Kong, su ma sun shiga, wanda ya kawo jimlar haɗin gwiwar zuwa 12. Kusan rabin waɗannan ɗakunan karatu suna da sun zaɓi haɗa cikakkun mujallun Buɗaɗɗen shiga cikin tsaka-tsakin tsadar su Karanta & Buga yarjejeniya, yana haɓaka haɓaka mai mahimmanci a cikin adadin abubuwan bincike na OA a cikin mujallolin haɗin gwiwar kamfanin kuma yana ba da gudummawa ga jimillar kashi 71% na abubuwan Buɗewa da aka buga a 2022. 

Bude abubuwan Kimiyya da dama 

• 2023 Jerin Horon SSP akan Buɗewa za a gudanar a kan 19 da kuma 20 Yuli 2023. Wannan jeri na bita zai kasance abin sha'awa ga ƙwararrun ƙwararrun sana'a na farko da kuma waɗanda suka ƙware a fannin sadarwa na ilimi.  

• Bude Gasar Sitika na Kimiyya: Don bikin cika shekaru 20 na ilimin kimiyya, Cibiyar Allen yana neman amsoshi masu ƙirƙira ta hanyar zane-zane daga matasa masu shekaru 5-14. Shigar Gasar Buɗewar Kimiyya ta Sitika da ƙarfe 12:00 na dare (Pacific) akan 1 Agusta 2023.  

• DIAMAS ya ƙaddamar da buɗaɗɗen kira don tattara albarkatun da ke magance mahimman abubuwan da ke cikin ƙa'idodin Ingancin Inganci don Buga Cibiyoyi (EQSIP) don haɓaka Open Access Diamond da wallafe-wallafen hukumomi. Yi amfani da wannan akan layi form don gano albarkatun don rajistar DIAMAS. 

Ayyukan Job

• arXiv yana daukar ma'aikata masu zuwa- Masu haɓaka software, a Project Manager, Da kuma wani Manajan Gudanar da Al'umma. 

• Budedata.ch yana neman a Project Manager Buɗe Innovation tare da baiwar sarrafa ayyukan farawa a watan Yuli ko ta yarjejeniya. 

• MIT Library yana ɗaukar a Abokin Sadarwar Malamai yin aiki a kan muhimman abubuwan da ke cikin shirin sadarwa na ilimi na ɗakunan karatu. Ana iya samun ƙarin bayani nan. 

Manyan Budaddiyar Kimiyyar mu goma tana karantawa

1. Mafarin ƙarshen ga masu wallafa ilimi?
2. Kawar da "Masana'antu"?
3. Canza Tides 
4. Kaura daga APC
5. Matsalar PubPub 
6. Bude Samun damar: gaba shine Diamond 
7. Haƙƙinmu na Kalubalantar Haƙƙin mallaka yana ƙarƙashin Barazana 
8. Yadda Manyan Kuɗaɗen Mawallafa na Kimiyya ke Saka Riba akan Ci gaba 
9. Diamond ga kowa da kowa 
10. Shekarar Jxiv - Dumama Dutsen Preprints

Disclaimer

Bayanin, ra'ayoyi da shawarwarin da baƙinmu suka gabatar na ɗaya daga cikin masu ba da gudummawa ne, kuma ba lallai ba ne su yi daidai da ƙima da imani na Majalisar Kimiyya ta Duniya.

image da Paul Czerwinski on Unsplash.