Wannan labarin yana cikin jerin abubuwan "Mata masana kimiyya a duniya: dabarun daidaita jinsi” binciko direbobi da shingen wakilcin jinsi a kungiyoyin kimiyya. Yana zana a kan ƙwararrun nazarin matukin jirgi da na gudanar tare da shawarwari Kwamitin dindindin na Daidaitan Jinsi a Kimiyya (SCGES), dangane da hirarraki da masana kimiyya mata daga sassa daban-daban da yankuna. Ana buga jerin abubuwan lokaci guda akan gidajen yanar gizon ISC da SCGES.
Marie Françoise Ouedraogo sha'awar ilimin lissafi ta sami bunƙasa tun tana ƙarama, tare da ƙarfafawa daga malaman makarantar sakandarenta da iyayenta. Duk da haka, danginta da suka taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen renon ta, sun damu da shawarar da ta yanke na yin dogon karatu. Kamar a wurare da yawa a duniya, tsammanin al'umma a Burkina Faso yakan tura mata zuwa ga karancin ilimi, auren wuri, da zama uwa. Amma Marie Françoise ba ta yi nasara ba. "Ina son ilimin lissafi kuma ina so in yi nisa yadda zan iya," in ji ta.
A jami'a, ta sami kanta a cikin 'yan tsiraru: mata hudu kawai a cikin aji 100, kuma a ƙarshe, mace daya tilo da ta bari a matakin digiri na biyu da na digiri. Duk da cewa farfesoshi sun goyi bayanta, ƴan uwanta maza suna yawan tambayar iyawarta, suna nuna kyamar jinsi a fannin ilimi. "Ba su yarda cewa ina nan, ina nazari da su ba." Duk da wannan kalubalen, ta dage, ta kuduri aniyar yin fice a fagenta, ta kuma kware a fannin nazari.
Farfesa Ouedraogo ta soma aikinta na ilimi ne a shekara ta 2001. Ta tuna da mamakin da ɗalibanta suka yi sa’ad da ta shiga aji na farko: “Sa’ad da na zo, sun ɗauka cewa ni ɗaya daga cikin takwarorinsu ne,” in ji ta. "Sa'ad da na ɗauki alli na fara koyarwa, sai suka gane ni ne Farfesa." Wannan matakin farko da sauri ya ba da damar girmamawa yayin da ɗalibanta suka fahimci ikonta da ƙwarewarta.
Aikinta na ilimi ya ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin da ya dace a ƙarƙashin Majalisar Afirka da Malagasy Council for Higher Education (CAMES), ƙungiyar Afirka ta gaba da ke kula da ci gaban aikin malaman jami'a a ƙasashen Afirka. Kwarewar Ouedraogo tare da CAMES yana da kyau, saboda yana bin ƙa'idodin ƙayyadaddun haɓakawa dangane da aiki, ba tare da nuna bambanci ga jinsi ba. "Idan fayil ɗinku ya cika dukkan sharuɗɗan, to babu matsala, ko kai namiji ne ko mace," in ji ta, tana kwatanta adalcin tsarin da ya ba ta damar haɓaka matsayi kuma a ƙarshe ta zama cikakkiyar farfesa.
A shekarar 2009, Farfesa Ouedraogo ta halarci taron masanan lissafi na Pan African Congress (PACOM) a kasar Ivory Coast, inda aka nada ta shugabar kungiyar hada-hadar lissafi ta Afrika (African Mathematical Union).AMU) Hukumar Mata a fannin Lissafi. Ganin cewa hukumar ba ta da aiki sosai, ta yi kokarin farfado da ita ta hanyar shirya wani taron karawa juna sani a birnin Ouagadougou a shekarar 2012, inda ta hada mata masana ilmin lissafi na Afirka domin tattauna irin rawar da suke takawa a wannan fanni. "Na gane cewa hukumar ba ta da rai da gaske. An yi taron bita guda ɗaya a cikin shekaru da yawa. Na yanke shawarar farfado da al’amura ta hanyar shirya wani taron bita a yankin da zai hada matan Afirka a fannin lissafi.”
Wannan taron ya kafa ginshikin babban shiri. Ƙarfafawa ta hanyar shawarwarin da ta samu daga matan Turai masu ilimin lissafi (EWM) ƙungiyar, Dr. Ouedraogo da abokan aikinta sun kammala cewa mata masu ilimin lissafi na Afirka suna buƙatar sararin samaniya don tsarawa da bayar da shawarwari. Wannan ya kai ga kafa kungiyar mata a fannin lissafi a Afirka (AWMA) a cikin 2013, tare da Dr. Ouedraogo a matsayin Shugabanta.
AWMA tana ba da dandali ga masana lissafin mata na Afirka don yin haɗin gwiwa, raba gogewa, da haɓaka daidaiton jinsi a cikin lissafi a duk faɗin nahiyar. Nan da nan ya zama ƙungiya mai aiki sosai. “Na farko, mun fara ne da shirya bita a yankuna biyar na Afirka: Gabas, Yamma, Arewa, Kudu da Tsakiya. A kowane lokaci, mun sami damar ba da sha'awar mata masana ilimin lissafi a yankin kuma mun taimaka wajen shirya ƙungiyoyin mata na ƙasa a fannin lissafi a ƙasashe da yawa.
AWMA kuma ta kaddamar da gidan yanar gizo, tare da tallafin kudi daga kwamitin mata a fannin lissafi (CWM) na Ƙungiyar Lissafi ta Duniya (IMU), don yin aiki a matsayin cibiyar albarkatun mata masana lissafi a duk faɗin nahiyar. Ta yi bayanin cewa “a lokacin COVID, a cikin 2019, da yake ba za mu iya saduwa da mutum cikin sauƙi ba, mun ƙirƙiri gidan yanar gizon yanar gizon da ke faruwa sau ɗaya a wata. Mun tambayi mathematician, namiji ko mace, ya ba da lacca na awa daya. Mutane sun iya bi ta hanyar Zoom. "
AWMA kuma ta shirya bita akan Sage, mahimmin software na lissafi. “Mun riga mun yi hakan a Senegal, Najeriya da Uganda. A wannan shekara [2024], za mu shirya shi a Burundi. Watakila a shekara mai zuwa, zai kasance a Afirka ta Kudu." Wadannan abubuwan sun sami karbuwa sosai, tare da mahalarta suna amfani da software zuwa duka bincike da koyarwa. "Ra'ayoyin sun yi kyau," in ji Ouedraogo. "Masu halarta a kai a kai suna tambayar mu don tsara ƙarin ayyuka a ƙasashe daban-daban, kuma muna ƙoƙarin rufe dukkan yankuna na Afirka."
Yayin da manufar AWMA ita ce inganta rawar da mata ke takawa a fannin lissafi, ayyukanta sun haɗa da. "A cikin tarurrukan bita, yawancin malamai mata ne," in ji Ouedraogo. “Amma a cikin mahalarta taron, mun hada da maza da mata. Musamman idan an yi niyya ga dalibai, daliban digiri ko na biyu, muna tabbatar da cewa akwai maza da mata. Ba na mata kadai ba ne, amma muna kokarin shigar da mata da yawa gwargwadon iko.”
Wannan dabarar ta samo asali ne daga zahirin gaskiya: akwai mata masu ilimin lissafi kaɗan a Afirka, kuma da yawa sun keɓe daga matsayi na yanke shawara. "Lokacin da ake shirya ayyuka, yana da ƙalubale don samun kuɗi ba tare da sa hannun maza ba," in ji Ouedraogo. Ta gane cewa tunda mata da maza suna aiki tare a kullum a cikin labs da azuzuwa “Idan muka ware su, za su iya haifar da cikas. Don haka, yana da kyau a hada su a hada kai.”
Har ila yau, AWMA tana ba da himma wajen haɓaka abin koyi da kuma ɗaga hangen nesa na masanan lissafin mata na Afirka ta hanyoyi daban-daban, gami da buga kasida mai ɗauke da hotunan mata masana lissafi daga ko'ina cikin nahiyar. "Ba mu fahimci cewa muna da abin koyi da yawa a fannin lissafi ba a Afirka," in ji Dokta Ouedraogo. "Sun kasance, amma sun kasance ganuwa!" Kasidar tana da nufin zaburar da ƴan mata matasa don neman ilimin lissafi ta hanyar nuna mata masu nasara. “Sa’ad da kake da abin koyi, za ka ga wanda ya yi nasara, sai ka yi tunani, ‘Me ya sa ba ni ba? Zan gwada, kuma watakila zan yi nasara kamar ita."
Lokacin da nake dalibi, mace daya tilo da muka gani a fannin kimiyya ita ce Marie Curie. Ita ce wadda aka fi sani da ita, amma ita ba ma a fannin lissafi ba—ta kasance a fannin physics da chemistry. Wannan ita ce kawai abin koyi da muke da shi. Abin takaici, ita ba ’yar ƙasarmu ba ce – mun rayu a wata al’ada dabam.
Kasidar kuma tana yin wata muhimmiyar manufa: don tunatar da mata masu ilimin lissafi, waɗanda galibi ke samun kansu a cikin tsiraru a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje da maza suka mamaye, cewa ba su kaɗai ba. "Suna iya karanta labaran kuma su yi tunani, 'Zan sami kwarin gwiwa daga gare ta don in magance ƙalubale da nake fuskanta," in ji Ouedraogo.
Baya ga tasirin sa na yanki, AWMA na bayyane sosai a matakin duniya. Yana da alaƙa mai ƙarfi tare da Kwamitin Mata a cikin Lissafi (CWM) kuma yana shiga rayayye a cikin Taron Duniya don Mata a cikin Lissafi. Wannan taron tauraron dan adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Mathematicians, wanda ake gudanarwa duk bayan shekaru hudu, yana ba da dandamali don raba abubuwan da AWMA ta samu tare da ba da haske game da yanayin lissafi a Afirka.
Ayyukan Marie Françoise Ouedraogo ya yi tasiri sosai ga al'ummomin ilmin lissafi a Afirka, musamman wajen samar da damammaki ga mata. Ta hanyar kafa AWMA, ta tabbatar da cewa masanan lissafin mata na Afirka suna da dandamali don raba ilimi, haɗin kai, da bayar da shawarwari don shigar da su a fagen.
Labarin nasararta ba wai don shawo kan cikas ba ne har ma da samar da sarari don wasu su yi nasara. Ta hanyar jagorancinta, mata masu ilimin lissafi a duk faɗin Afirka sun sami damar samun albarkatu, hanyoyin sadarwa, da damar da a baya ba su da yawa, wanda ya ba da hanya ga ƙarni na gaba na mata a fannin lissafi.
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Disclaimer
Bayanan, ra'ayoyin da shawarwarin da aka gabatar a cikin shafukan yanar gizon mu na masu ba da gudummawa ne, kuma ba lallai ba ne su kasance suna nuna dabi'u da imani na Majalisar Kimiyya ta Duniya.
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